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| sector:other_and_natural_sources:natural_sources:other [2023/07/05 14:21] – created kotzulla | sector:other_and_natural_sources:natural_sources:other [2024/11/06 14:54] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1 | ||
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| ==== Short description ==== | ==== Short description ==== | ||
| - | ^ | + | Within **NFR 11.C - Other Natural Sources: Other**, natural activities and resulting emissions other than volcanoes (11.A) and forest fires (11.B) are to be taken into account. | 
| - | | | + | |
| + | For the time being, the only natural emission source reported within NFR 11.C is lightning. | ||
| - | Lightning and corona discharge during thunderstorm events cause atmospheric chemical reactions to take place at high voltages and high temperatures. These reactions cause the production of NO< | + | As NFR 11.C is a memo item category, emissions reported here are not accounted for in the National Totals. | 
| + | |||
| + | ^  Category Code                          ^  Method | ||
| + | |  11.C | ||
| + | |  {{page> | ||
| + | \\ | ||
| + | ^  NO< | ||
| + | ^  -/- | ||
| + | |  //This memo item source category is not included in the key category analysis.// | ||
| + | \\ | ||
| + | |||
| + | Lightning | ||
| ====Methodology==== | ====Methodology==== | ||
| - | The calculation of NO< | + | The calculation of NO< | 
| For the complete time series, the emissions are calculated as follows: | For the complete time series, the emissions are calculated as follows: | ||
| Line 23: | Line 34: | ||
| Table 1: Lightning strikes in Germany from 1990 onwards | Table 1: Lightning strikes in Germany from 1990 onwards | ||
| - | ^ | + | ^        ^  Strike count [1000 strikes] | 
| - | | | + | ^ | 
| | 1991 | 443 | | | 1991 | 443 | | ||
| | 1992 | 370 | | | 1992 | 370 | | ||
| | 1993 | 274 | | | 1993 | 274 | | ||
| | 1994 | 429 | | | 1994 | 429 | | ||
| - | | | + | ^ | 
| | 1996 | 218 | | | 1996 | 218 | | ||
| | 1997 | 255 | | | 1997 | 255 | | ||
| | 1998 | 428 | | | 1998 | 428 | | ||
| | 1999 | 589 | | | 1999 | 589 | | ||
| - | | | + | ^ | 
| | 2001 | 591 | | | 2001 | 591 | | ||
| | 2002 | 1,023 | | | 2002 | 1,023 | | ||
| | 2003 | 813 | | | 2003 | 813 | | ||
| | 2004 | 741 | | | 2004 | 741 | | ||
| - | | | + | ^ | 
| | 2006 | 1,001 | | | 2006 | 1,001 | | ||
| | 2007 | 1,139 | | | 2007 | 1,139 | | ||
| | 2008 | 990 | | | 2008 | 990 | | ||
| | 2009 | 917 | | | 2009 | 917 | | ||
| - | | | + | ^ | 
| | 2011 | 687 | | | 2011 | 687 | | ||
| | 2012 | 656 | | | 2012 | 656 | | ||
| | 2013 | 542 | | | 2013 | 542 | | ||
| | 2014 | 623 | | | 2014 | 623 | | ||
| - | | | + | ^ | 
| | 2016 | 432 | | | 2016 | 432 | | ||
| | 2017 | 443 | | | 2017 | 443 | | ||
| | 2018 | 446 | | | 2018 | 446 | | ||
| | 2019 | 329 | | | 2019 | 329 | | ||
| - | | | + | ^ | 
| | 2021 | 512 | | | 2021 | 512 | | ||
| + | | 2022 | 242 | | ||
| - | ===Emission factor=== | + | ===Emission factor(s)=== | 
| - | For the calculation of emissions in this category, the Guidebook emission factor of 2.75 kg NOx per strike is used. | + | |
| + | For the calculation of emissions in this category, the Guidebook emission factor of 2.75 kg NO< | ||
| ====Emission Trend==== | ====Emission Trend==== | ||
| - | The emission value is solely dependent on the strike count and varies between 1 to 3 kilotons of NOx per year. | ||
| - | Figure 1: NFR 11.C, NOx emissions from lightning | + | The emission value is solely dependent on the strike count and varies between 1 to 3 kilotons of NO< | 
| + | |||
| + | Figure 1: NFR 11.C, NO< | ||
| {{ : | {{ : | ||
| Line 69: | Line 83: | ||
| ===== Recalculations ===== | ===== Recalculations ===== | ||
| - | <WRAP center round info 60%> | + | <WRAP center round info 65%> | 
| - | As these activities | + | With **activity data and emission factors remaining unrevised**, no recalculations | 
| </ | </ | ||
| - | |||
| ==== Uncertainties ==== | ==== Uncertainties ==== | ||
| Line 78: | Line 91: | ||
| ====Quality checks==== | ====Quality checks==== | ||
| + | |||
| No sector-specific quality checks are done. | No sector-specific quality checks are done. | ||
| ====Planned Improvement==== | ====Planned Improvement==== | ||
| - | Currently no improvements are planned. | ||
| + | <WRAP center round info 60%> | ||
| + | Currently, no source-specific improvements are planned. | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | [(EMEP2023> | ||
 
